Kajian Ekranisasi Novel dan Film Raja, Ratu, dan Rahasia

Raja, Ratu, dan Rahasia Novel and Film Ecranization Studies

Abstract

Abstrak: Karya sastra dapat dinikmati tidak hanya berbentuk tulisan saja, melainkan audio visual berupa film. Dalam hal ini, karya sastra dapat dinikmati dalam bentuk film. Perubahan karya sastra ke dalam bentuk film dapat dilakukan melalui proses ekranisasi. Pengadaptasian novel ke film disebut dengan ekranisasi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan analisis ekranisasi novel Raja, Ratu, dan Rahasia Karya Wulanfadi ke dalam bentuk film Karya Sutradara Findo Purwono, sehingga dapat diketahui perbandingan antara novel sebagai bentuk  asli dari cerita, dengan film hasil proses ekranisasi yang dilakukan. Peneletian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif. Peneliti  menjabarkan hasil dengan cara mendeskripsikan melalui kata-kata dan gambar. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan membaca, menonton, mencatat, serta membandingkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya sebelas data pengurangan berupa pengurangan tokoh, penghilangan adegan, dan penghilangan dialog, dua data penambahan berupa penambahan dialog yang disajikan dalam adegan yang ditayangkan, dan dua belas data perubahan variasi berupa perbedaan latar, perbedaan adegan, perbedaan watak, perbedaan latar, serta perbedaan lagu sebagai pendukung dalam adegan, sehingga menimbulkan perbedaan beberapa unsur cerita dari novel ke film.  Secara keseluruhan, perubahan yang terjadi dilakukan oleh sutradara berdasarkan kesesuaian antara cerita dengan durasi, tempat, serta situasi dan kondisi. Meskipun menimbulkan perubahan, tetapi tidak mengubah inti cerita.

Abstract: Literary works can be enjoyed not only in the form of writing, but audio-visual in the form of films. In this case, literary works can be enjoyed in the form of films. Changes in literary works into film form can be done through the process of ecranization. Adapting a novel to film is called ecranization. The purpose of this study is to describe the results of the analysis of the ecranization of Wulanfadi's novel Raja, Ratu, dan Rahasia  into film form, by finding changes such as reductions, additions, and changes in variations. This research uses a type of qualitative research. Researchers describe the results by describing through words and pictures. Data collection techniques are done by reading, watching, taking notes, and comparing. The results showed that there were eleven data reductions in the form of character reduction, scene omissions, and dialogue omissions, two additional data in the form of additional dialogues presented in the scenes that were shown, and twelve variation change data in the form of differences in settings, differences in scenes, differences in character, differences in settings, as well as the difference in the song as the support in the scene, giving rise to differences in several story elements from the novel to the film. Overall, the changes that occur are made by the director based on suitability between the story and the duration, place, and circumstances. Even though it causes changes, it doesn't change the core of the story.